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Americas Security Update Oct 24, 2026: Rubio’s CIA Appeal to Cubans

Americas security: Rubio urges Cubans to work with the CIA, Colombia bombs an ELN camp and Brazil heads to a tied runoff vote.

Map of the Caribbean and South America: places named in the Oct 24, 2026 Americas report, including Havana, Caracas, El
Places named in this report, Oct 24, 2026. The Zulia, Casanare and Artibonite markers are approximate. Markers show reported events, not front lines. Map: Peter's World; data: Natural Earth

Key Takeaways: 5 things to know

  • Secretary of State Marco Rubio urged Cubans to work with the CIA after Trump said returning warships could stop off Cuba’s coast (see Cuba).
  • Cuba’s energy minister said the island has no fuel and will not get it soon, as evening blackouts topped 1,780 megawatts (see Cuba).
  • Colombia’s president said a bombing killed nine National Liberation Army guerrillas in Cauca, before a car bomb hit a Casanare toll station (see Colombia).
  • Brazil votes October 25 in a runoff polls call a tie, with Flávio Bolsonaro and President Lula each at 50% of valid votes (see Brazil).
  • Argentina’s presidency welcomed a court’s dismissal of the Libra cryptocurrency case against President Javier Milei on October 23 (see Argentina and Paraguay).
Report detailsSaturday update · Data cutoff Oct 24, ~7:45 AM ETDetails
  • Publisher: Peter’s World War Room
  • Edition: Saturday update
  • Coverage window: Oct 23, 2026, ~7:30 AM ET to Oct 24, 2026, ~7:30 AM ET, with Oct 22 events not covered earlier
  • Data cutoff: Oct 24, 2026, ~7:45 AM ET
  • Times: ET; Havana and Caracas are on ET, Bogotá ET-1, Brasília and Buenos Aires ET+1
  • Style: Rev. 3
  • Sources: war.gov and State Department feeds checked first, then official Venezuelan and Argentine government sites, Cuba’s grid reports via an outage tracker and regional outlets; government and party claims are attributed
Map of the Caribbean and South America: places named in the Oct 24, 2026 Americas report, including Havana, Caracas, El Tambo in Cauca, the San Pedro toll in Casanare and Petite Rivière de l'Artibonite in Haiti.
Places named in this report, Oct 24, 2026. The Zulia, Casanare and Artibonite markers are approximate. Markers show reported events, not front lines. Map: Peter’s World; data: Natural Earth

Munitions Count: Oct 22-23

Other munitions

  • 1 launched0 downed1 hitCar bomb, 120 kg of explosives0% downedCasanare authorities via Noticias RCN, 2026-10-23

LaunchedIntercepted/downedHit/impactsFigures are per source and never added up across sources.

Munitions Count: Oct 22-23: launched, intercepted and hit, as reported by the named source
DateAttackerWho was attackedLocationsMunition typeLaunchedIntercepted/downedHit/impactsSource
2026-10-22Colombian militaryELN campRural El Tambo, Cauca, ColombiaOther Aerial bombingn/an/an/adw.com President Abelardo de la Espriella[10]
2026-10-23Not identified (authorities suspect the ELN)San Pedro toll station and workersMonterrey-Villanueva road, Casanare, ColombiaOther Car bomb, 120 kg of explosives100% downed1noticiasrcn.com Casanare authorities via Noticias RCN[11]

Colombia’s government gave a death toll for the bombing but no count of munitions, so those fields are n/a.

This Americas security update for October 24, 2026 covers Secretary of State Marco Rubio’s public call for Cubans to work with the CIA, a Colombian military bombing that killed nine National Liberation Army (ELN) guerrillas and Brazil’s tied presidential runoff on October 25.[1] It follows the Oct 23 Americas security update; see the War Room and the Middle East war update.

Cuba

Rubio wrote on X on October 23 that “now is the time” for Cubans seeking change, urging them to “seize this opportunity to create the change you desire through a discrete [sic] partnership with the CIA.”[12] His post came moments after Trump told a campaign rally in Florida that ships returning from the Iran war would pass Cuba and that one would “stop about 50 yards off the coast” before Rubio was sent in “to finish up the deal.”[13] The CIA then posted a Spanish-language video advising people with information to visit a US embassy in person if they can do so safely.[14] Deputy Foreign Minister Carlos Fernández de Cossío replied that the agency must be desperate “to sell its services like a tube of toothpaste.”

The pressure meets an economy running on empty. Energy and Mines Minister Vicente de la O Levy said in Holguín on October 23 that Cuba does not have fuel and will not in the short term, adding that some distributed-generation sites have produced nothing for two or three years.[15] At 6 AM on October 24 the grid had 915 megawatts available against demand of 2,104, and the operator forecast an evening peak of 2,850 megawatts against 1,015 available.[16] The October 23 peak cut reached 1,787 megawatts at 8 PM, below the 1,850 forecast that morning.[17]

Update: the October 22 peak cut, forecast at 1,885 megawatts in yesterday’s report, came in at 1,820 megawatts at 7:30 PM, according to the October 23 grid report.[18] The informal dollar closed October 23 at 828 pesos, the euro at 916 and the MLC at 581, according to an exile outlet’s index.[19] That outlet put the October 22 dollar at 823, while its earlier index cited in yesterday’s report gave 827, so the daily change is shown as reported.

Before the UN General Assembly vote on Cuba’s embargo resolution, which an exile outlet dates to October 28, Karin Sullivan, the US chargé d’affaires in Barbados, published an op-ed urging eastern Caribbean governments to vote no.[20] She wrote that the United States exported more than $810 million in goods to Cuba in 2025 and called Cuba’s overseas medical missions forced labor. Separately, Cuba’s ambassador to the Holy See invited Pope Leo XIV to visit the island, and the Vatican had not responded in the sources reviewed.[21]

Venezuela

Interim President Delcy Rodríguez said the third round of talks between the government and opposition produced agreements on political guarantees, justice reform and the use of gold held in England for recovery from the June 2026 earthquake, with the next round set for November, according to state radio.[22] The November date is the first public timetable for a fourth round.

On October 23 she led a satellite-linked inspection of the Petrozamora joint venture’s Macolla B in Zulia state alongside US Chargé d’Affaires John Barrett, a representative of the US company NABEP and the head of the state oil company PDVSA, Héctor Obregón Pérez.[23] The presidency said PDVSA and NABEP signed 17 agreements in August, eight of them for new fields, and presented the visit as evidence of growing energy cooperation with Washington.

Colombia

President Abelardo de la Espriella said on October 22 that a “strategic bombing” by the military in rural El Tambo, Cauca, killed nine ELN members.[24] He said the dead may include alias Marcos Pacífico, whom he called a high-value target linked to kidnappings and attacks on security forces in Cali and Buenaventura, though fingerprint confirmation was pending.

Early on October 23, a car bomb with 120 kilograms of explosives went off at the San Pedro toll station between Monterrey and Villanueva in Casanare, injuring five people and closing the road.[25] Authorities suspect the ELN but have not confirmed it, and Governor César Ortiz Zorro offered a 50 million peso reward. De la Espriella said “terrorists will not bring Colombia to its knees” and ordered the security forces and intelligence agencies to find those responsible (see Statements).

The army is also searching for soldier Andrés Casterbondo Macías, missing since an attack with explosive-laden drones in rural Segovia, Antioquia, on October 18, which it blamed on the 37th Front of the FARC dissidents.[26] The three incidents show the military fighting on several fronts as the ELN and dissident groups strike back.

Brazil

Brazilians vote on October 25 in the presidential runoff between Senator Flávio Bolsonaro and President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, after Bolsonaro finished ahead in the first round.[27] A Datafolha poll released October 22 put each candidate at 50% of valid votes, with a margin of error of two points.[28] Lula received 3.8 million fewer votes in the first round than in 2022, and his campaign is targeting voters who abstained or backed other candidates.

Argentina and Paraguay

Argentina’s presidency said on October 23 that Criminal and Correctional Court No. 8 dismissed the $LIBRA cryptocurrency case against President Javier Milei, ruling after nearly two years of evidence-gathering that the alleged acts did not amount to a crime.[29] The statement called the complaint politically motivated (see Statements).

The State Department said on October 23 that Paraguay became the 26th signatory of the Pax Silica Declaration, signed by Foreign Minister Rubén Ramírez Lezcano and Under Secretary Jacob Helberg.[30] The two governments said they would use Paraguay’s critical minerals and hydropower “to build super intelligence infrastructure in the Americas.”

Haiti

El Salvador’s President Nayib Bukele launched a military operation in Haiti after four Salvadoran air force personnel went missing in an ambush on Sunday, October 18, and he warned of further action if they are not returned alive.[31] Bukele said the crew were not combatants and that their job was medical evacuation. The International Organization for Migration counted about 7,250 people, or 1,637 households, displaced by armed violence in Petite Rivière de l’Artibonite between October 19 and 22.[32]

Domestic Affairs

In Colombia, the director of the presidency’s administrative department, Carlos Ríos, said he will file a complaint against former President Gustavo Petro over the alleged “instrumentalization” of 48 women, and Inspector General Gregorio Eljach said the information had just reached his office.[33] In Cuba, the minister’s warning on fuel means more blackouts and transport cuts for households, with no supply date given.

War Crimes and Civilian Harm

Allegations are attributed; findings are not established unless stated.

The Casanare car bomb wounded five people and targeted toll workers on a civilian road, which Colombian officials called a terrorist attack.[34] In Haiti, the displacement in Artibonite followed armed violence against communities, and 86% of those displaced found refuge with host families, the IOM said.[35] These are allegations and casualty reports, not legal findings.

Statements by Military Leaders and Officials

Quotes
DateSpeakerRole/OrgQuoteContext/TopicSource
2026-10-23Donald TrumpPresident of the United States“Those beautiful ships will pass Cuba. We’ll have one of them stop about 50 yards off the coast.”Florida rally remarks on Cubatheguardian.com [36]
2026-10-23Marco RubioUS Secretary of State“seize this opportunity to create the change you desire through a discrete partnership with the CIA”Post on X addressed to Cubanstheguardian.com [37]
2026-10-23Office of the SpokespersonUS Department of State“leveraging Paraguay’s critical minerals and hydropower to build super intelligence infrastructure in the Americas”Paraguay joins Pax Silicastate.gov [38]
2026-10-23Carlos Fernández de CossíoDeputy Foreign Minister of Cuba“There must be a great deal of desperation or misery within the agency for it to be forced to sell its services like a tube of toothpaste.”Reply to the CIA appealaljazeera.com [39]
2026-10-23Abelardo de la EspriellaPresident of Colombia“The terrorists will not bring Colombia to its knees.”Casanare car bombnoticiasrcn.com [40]
2026-10-23Office of the PresidentArgentina“The President’s Office celebrates the decision of Criminal and Correctional Court No. 8”$LIBRA case dismissalargentina.gob.ar [41]
2026-10-22Nayib BukelePresident of El Salvador“carry out medical evacuations and save lives, not to wage war”Missing Salvadoran crew in Haitibbc.com [42]

The De la Espriella and Argentine rows are our translations from Spanish. No on-record statement by a Latin American military commander was found for the window.

What to Watch (Assessment)

  • Brazil’s runoff on October 25 and whether both campaigns accept the result.
  • The UN General Assembly vote on Cuba’s embargo resolution, dated October 28 by an exile outlet.
  • Any order or deployment that follows Trump’s remark about warships off Cuba.
  • Fingerprint confirmation of alias Marcos Pacífico and any claim for the Casanare bomb.
  • The fate of the four missing Salvadoran air force personnel in Haiti.

Seven lenses

Analysis

About the framework

Geography & Strategic Position

Cuba returned to the center of US attention after President Donald Trump told a Florida rally on October 23 that warships returning from the Iran war could stop off the Cuban coast (see Cuba).[2] The island’s position 90 miles from Florida makes any naval show of force there quick to stage, while Colombia’s fight with armed groups is spread across Cauca, Casanare and Antioquia, far apart on the map.

Military & Security

No US strike, deployment or new operation in Latin America appeared in the war.gov feeds for the window, so Trump’s warship remark remains a statement, not an announced order.[3] The heaviest fighting was in Colombia, where the military says it killed nine ELN members in a bombing in Cauca and a 120-kilogram car bomb hit a toll station in Casanare (see Colombia).

Score 2/5Evidence confidence: MediumTrend: Deteriorating

Alliances & Diplomatic Networks

Washington added Paraguay as the 26th signatory of its Pax Silica declaration on technology supply chains, a day after Treasury’s talks with Paraguay’s president (see Argentina and Paraguay).[4] In the Caribbean, the US chargé d’affaires in Barbados urged eastern Caribbean governments to vote against Cuba’s UN embargo resolution, which the General Assembly takes up on October 27 and 28.

Economic & Industrial Power

Cuba’s energy minister said the island does not have fuel and will not have it in the short term, and the informal dollar rose to 828 pesos (see Cuba).[5] Venezuela’s interim president showcased joint oil projects with a US company, citing 17 agreements signed in August.

Score 2/5Evidence confidence: MediumTrend: Deteriorating

Technology & Critical Infrastructure

Cuba’s grid could cover less than half of morning demand on October 24, and the operator expected the evening shortfall to stay above 1,800 megawatts.[6] Solar parks supplied a 545-megawatt peak on October 23, too little to offset broken thermal units.

Domestic Politics & Information

The CIA followed Rubio’s post with a Spanish-language video telling would-be sources to visit a US embassy in person, and Havana mocked the appeal as a sign of desperation (see Statements).[7] Brazil’s runoff is a statistical tie, with Datafolha putting each candidate at 50% of valid votes.[8]

Strategic Leverage & Outcomes

Washington is pairing open pressure on Havana with deals elsewhere: an oil partnership in Venezuela, a technology pact with Paraguay and a lobbying push before the UN vote.[9] Assessment: Cuba’s leverage is shrinking as fuel runs out, but a public CIA appeal and talk of warships also hand Havana material for its UN case against Washington.

Score 3/5Evidence confidence: MediumTrend: Stable

Strategic assessment

Relative advantage
Washington, which has working channels to Caracas and Asunción and faces a Cuban government short of fuel.
Critical vulnerability
Cuba’s grid, with less than half of demand available on the morning of October 24.
Decisive uncertainty
Brazil’s runoff on October 25, which polls show as a tie.
Likely trajectory
More Colombian strikes on the ELN and a close UN vote on Cuba during the October 27-28 debate.
Strategic outcome
Not yet determinable; the Brazilian vote and the UN debate are the next tests.

Analysis by Peter’s World using the Seven Lenses framework. Numbered notes link to the footnotes at the end of this report. Scores, where shown, are judgments, not measurements.

Additional sources

  • Fox News carried Trump’s full remark that Rubio would be sent “to finish up the deal.”[43]
  • Source notes for this run.[44]
  • The analysis uses Peter’s World’s Seven Lenses framework.[45]

Footnotes

  1. [1] The Guardian, “Rubio tells Cubans ‘now is the time’ to act to see political change”, https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2026/oct/23/marco-rubio-cuba-trump. Published: Oct 23, 2026, 8:30 PM ET. Retrieved: 2026-10-24.
  2. [2] (statement) The Guardian, “Rubio tells Cubans ‘now is the time’ to act to see political change”, https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2026/oct/23/marco-rubio-cuba-trump. Statement made Oct 23, 2026 (Florida campaign rally); published Oct 23, 2026, 8:30 PM ET. Retrieved: 2026-10-24.
  3. [3] US Department of War, “War.gov News RSS feeds (news stories and releases)”, https://www.war.gov/DesktopModules/ArticleCS/RSS.ashx?ContentType=1&Site=945&max=20. Published: checked Oct 24, 2026, ~7:30 AM ET. Retrieved: 2026-10-24. No US strike, deployment or operation in Latin America in the window.
  4. [4] US Department of State, Office of the Spokesperson, “United States Welcomes Paraguay as Newest Pax Silica Signatory”, https://www.state.gov/releases/office-of-the-spokesman/2026/10/united-states-welcomes-paraguay-as-newest-pax-silica-signatory. Published: Oct 23, 2026 (time not shown). Retrieved: 2026-10-24.
  5. [5] CiberCuba, “Vicente de la O Levy advierte que Cuba no dispondrá de carburantes”, https://www.cibercuba.com/noticias/2026-10-23-u1-e43231-s27061-nid343573-vicente-levy-advierte-cuba-dispondra-carburantes. Published: Oct 23, 2026, 7:02 AM ET. Retrieved: 2026-10-24. Relays the minister’s remarks in Holguín. Spanish-language; summary in our words.
  6. [6] CiberCuba Observatorio de Apagones, “Parte del SEN, 24 oct 2026”, https://www.cibercuba.com/apagones/sen/partes/2026/10/24/. Published: Oct 24, 2026, 7:35 AM ET. Retrieved: 2026-10-24. Relays the official National Electric System daily report. Spanish-language; summary in our words.
  7. [7] Al Jazeera, “Rubio calls on Cubans to partner with CIA to create ‘positive change'”, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/24/rubio-calls-on-cubans-to-partner-with-cia-to-create-positive-change. Published: Oct 24, 2026 (08:28 site time). Retrieved: 2026-10-24.
  8. [8] g1 (Jornal Nacional), “Datafolha divulga nova pesquisa do 2º turno da eleição presidencial; veja números”, https://g1.globo.com/jornal-nacional/noticia/2026/10/22/datafolha-divulga-nova-pesquisa-do-2o-turno-da-eleicao-presidencial-veja-numeros.ghtml. Published: Oct 22, 2026, 8:22 PM ET. Retrieved: 2026-10-24. Portuguese-language; poll commissioned by Globo and Folha de S.Paulo; summary in our words.
  9. [9] US Department of State, Office of the Spokesperson, “United States Welcomes Paraguay as Newest Pax Silica Signatory”, https://www.state.gov/releases/office-of-the-spokesman/2026/10/united-states-welcomes-paraguay-as-newest-pax-silica-signatory. Published: Oct 23, 2026 (time not shown). Retrieved: 2026-10-24.
Show 36 more sources
  1. [10] DW Español, “Nueve muertos en bombardeo contra campamento de armados ELN en el departamento de Cauca, Colombia”, https://www.dw.com/es/nueve-muertos-en-bombardeo-contra-campamento-de-armados-eln-en-el-departamento-de-cauca-colombia/a-79738271. Published: Oct 23, 2026 (time not shown). Retrieved: 2026-10-24. Spanish-language; summary in our words.
  2. [11] Noticias RCN, “Ofrecen 50 millones por responsables de atentado en peaje San Pedro de Casanare”, https://www.noticiasrcn.com/colombia/ofrecen-50-millones-por-responsables-de-atentado-en-peaje-san-pedro-de-casanare-1074688. Published: Oct 23, 2026, 2:25 PM ET. Retrieved: 2026-10-24. Spanish-language; summary in our words.
  3. [12] (statement) The Guardian, “Rubio tells Cubans ‘now is the time’ to act to see political change”, https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2026/oct/23/marco-rubio-cuba-trump. Statement made Oct 23, 2026 (post on X); published Oct 23, 2026, 8:30 PM ET. Retrieved: 2026-10-24. The Guardian notes Rubio wrote “discrete” [sic].
  4. [13] Fox News (Spanish edition), “Rubio urges Cubans to work with the CIA to bring political change to the communist-run island”, https://noticias.foxnews.com/world/rubio-urges-cubans-work-cia-bring-political-change-communist-run-island. Published: Oct 23, 2026, 7:43 PM ET. Retrieved: 2026-10-24.
  5. [14] Al Jazeera, “Rubio calls on Cubans to partner with CIA to create ‘positive change'”, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/24/rubio-calls-on-cubans-to-partner-with-cia-to-create-positive-change. Published: Oct 24, 2026 (08:28 site time). Retrieved: 2026-10-24.
  6. [15] CiberCuba, “Vicente de la O Levy advierte que Cuba no dispondrá de carburantes”, https://www.cibercuba.com/noticias/2026-10-23-u1-e43231-s27061-nid343573-vicente-levy-advierte-cuba-dispondra-carburantes. Published: Oct 23, 2026, 7:02 AM ET. Retrieved: 2026-10-24. Relays the minister’s remarks in Holguín. Spanish-language; summary in our words.
  7. [16] CiberCuba Observatorio de Apagones, “Parte del SEN, 24 oct 2026”, https://www.cibercuba.com/apagones/sen/partes/2026/10/24/. Published: Oct 24, 2026, 7:35 AM ET. Retrieved: 2026-10-24. Relays the official National Electric System daily report. Spanish-language; summary in our words.
  8. [17] CiberCuba Observatorio de Apagones, “Parte del SEN, 23 oct 2026”, https://www.cibercuba.com/apagones/sen/partes/2026/10/23/. Published: Oct 23, 2026, 8:22 AM ET. Retrieved: 2026-10-24. Relays the official National Electric System daily report. Spanish-language; summary in our words.
  9. [18] CiberCuba Observatorio de Apagones, “Parte del SEN, 23 oct 2026”, https://www.cibercuba.com/apagones/sen/partes/2026/10/23/. Published: Oct 23, 2026, 8:22 AM ET. Retrieved: 2026-10-24. Relays the official National Electric System daily report. Spanish-language; summary in our words.
  10. [19] CiberCuba, “Dólar y euro siguen subiendo en Cuba: ¿cuáles son las tasas?”, https://www.cibercuba.com/noticias/2026-10-23-u1-e135253-s27061-nid343592-dolar-euro-siguen-subiendo-cuba-cuales-son-tasas. Published: Oct 23, 2026, 10:47 AM ET. Retrieved: 2026-10-24. Informal-market rates. Spanish-language; summary in our words.
  11. [20] CiberCuba, “EE.UU. presiona al Caribe antes de la votación en la ONU: la oscuridad de La Habana”, https://www.cibercuba.com/noticias/2026-10-23-u1-e43231-s27061-nid343571-eeuu-presiona-al-caribe-votacion-onu-oscuridad-habana. Published: Oct 23, 2026, 6:44 AM ET. Retrieved: 2026-10-24. Relays an op-ed by the US chargé d’affaires in Barbados. Spanish-language; summary in our words.
  12. [21] CiberCuba, “Régimen invita al papa León XIV a visitar Cuba”, https://www.cibercuba.com/noticias/2026-10-23-u1-e135253-s27061-nid343586-regimen-invita-al-papa-leon-xiv-visitar-cuba. Published: Oct 23, 2026, 9:07 AM ET. Retrieved: 2026-10-24. Spanish-language; summary in our words.
  13. [22] Radio Nacional de Venezuela, “President highlights agreements on political guarantees, justice and economic recovery at the dialogue table”, https://rnv.gob.ve/president-highlights-agreements-on-political-guarantees-justice-and-economic-recovery-at-the-dialogue-table/. Published: Oct 23, 2026, 9:56 AM ET. Retrieved: 2026-10-24. Venezuelan state radio.
  14. [23] Prensa Presidencial de Venezuela, “Presidenta Delcy Rodríguez lidera inspección a proyectos petroleros Venezuela-EE.UU.”, https://prensapresidencialvenezuela.gob.ve/index.php/2026/10/23/presidenta-delcy-rodriguez-lidera-inspeccion-a-proyectos-petroleros-venezuela-eeuu/. Published: Oct 23, 2026 (time not shown). Retrieved: 2026-10-24. Official Venezuelan presidential press office. Spanish-language; summary in our words.
  15. [24] DW Español, “Nueve muertos en bombardeo contra campamento de armados ELN en el departamento de Cauca, Colombia”, https://www.dw.com/es/nueve-muertos-en-bombardeo-contra-campamento-de-armados-eln-en-el-departamento-de-cauca-colombia/a-79738271. Published: Oct 23, 2026 (time not shown). Retrieved: 2026-10-24. Spanish-language; summary in our words.
  16. [25] Noticias RCN, “Ofrecen 50 millones por responsables de atentado en peaje San Pedro de Casanare”, https://www.noticiasrcn.com/colombia/ofrecen-50-millones-por-responsables-de-atentado-en-peaje-san-pedro-de-casanare-1074688. Published: Oct 23, 2026, 2:25 PM ET. Retrieved: 2026-10-24. Spanish-language; summary in our words.
  17. [26] El Colombiano, “Soldado desaparecido tras ataque con drones explosivos en Segovia, Antioquia”, https://www.elcolombiano.com/antioquia/soldado-desaparecido-ataque-drones-explosivos-segovia-antioquia-HE42649583. Published: Oct 23, 2026 (time not shown). Retrieved: 2026-10-24. Spanish-language; summary in our words.
  18. [27] The Guardian, “‘We can’t let the far right take power again’: Lula voters in final push before Brazil runoff”, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2026/oct/24/lula-brazil-runoff-flavio-bolsonaro. Published: Oct 24, 2026, 3:00 AM ET. Retrieved: 2026-10-24.
  19. [28] g1 (Jornal Nacional), “Datafolha divulga nova pesquisa do 2º turno da eleição presidencial; veja números”, https://g1.globo.com/jornal-nacional/noticia/2026/10/22/datafolha-divulga-nova-pesquisa-do-2o-turno-da-eleicao-presidencial-veja-numeros.ghtml. Published: Oct 22, 2026, 8:22 PM ET. Retrieved: 2026-10-24. Portuguese-language; poll commissioned by Globo and Folha de S.Paulo; summary in our words.
  20. [29] Oficina del Presidente de la República Argentina, “Comunicado Oficial Número 171”, https://www.argentina.gob.ar/noticias/comunicado-oficial-numero-171. Published: Oct 23, 2026, 7:53 PM ET. Retrieved: 2026-10-24. Official Argentine government statement. Spanish-language; summary in our words.
  21. [30] US Department of State, Office of the Spokesperson, “United States Welcomes Paraguay as Newest Pax Silica Signatory”, https://www.state.gov/releases/office-of-the-spokesman/2026/10/united-states-welcomes-paraguay-as-newest-pax-silica-signatory. Published: Oct 23, 2026 (time not shown). Retrieved: 2026-10-24.
  22. [31] BBC News, “El Salvador’s Bukele launches operation to rescue air force crew held in Haiti”, https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cq33xpjekve4o. Published: Oct 22, 2026, 6:17 AM ET. Retrieved: 2026-10-24.
  23. [32] IOM Displacement Tracking Matrix via ReliefWeb, “Haiti: Emergency Tracking Tool 112, displacement following armed violence in the commune of Petite Rivière de l’Artibonite (19-22 October 2026)”, https://reliefweb.int/report/haiti/haiti-emergency-tracking-tool-112-displacement-following-armed-violence-commune-petite-riviere-de-lartibonite-19-22-october-2026. Published: Oct 23, 2026, 8:04 AM ET. Retrieved: 2026-10-24. UN migration agency data.
  24. [33] El Tiempo, “Procurador Gregorio Eljach habló sobre la denuncia que presentará el director del Dapre contra Petro”, https://www.eltiempo.com/justicia/investigacion/procurador-gregorio-eljach-hablo-sobre-la-denuncia-que-presentara-el-director-del-dapre-contra-petro-por-supuesta-instrumentalizacion-de-48-mujeres-3595938. Published: Oct 23, 2026, 7:45 PM ET. Retrieved: 2026-10-24. Spanish-language; summary in our words.
  25. [34] Noticias RCN, “Ofrecen 50 millones por responsables de atentado en peaje San Pedro de Casanare”, https://www.noticiasrcn.com/colombia/ofrecen-50-millones-por-responsables-de-atentado-en-peaje-san-pedro-de-casanare-1074688. Published: Oct 23, 2026, 2:25 PM ET. Retrieved: 2026-10-24. Spanish-language; summary in our words.
  26. [35] IOM Displacement Tracking Matrix via ReliefWeb, “Haiti: Emergency Tracking Tool 112, displacement following armed violence in the commune of Petite Rivière de l’Artibonite (19-22 October 2026)”, https://reliefweb.int/report/haiti/haiti-emergency-tracking-tool-112-displacement-following-armed-violence-commune-petite-riviere-de-lartibonite-19-22-october-2026. Published: Oct 23, 2026, 8:04 AM ET. Retrieved: 2026-10-24. UN migration agency data.
  27. [36] (statement) The Guardian, “Rubio tells Cubans ‘now is the time’ to act to see political change”, https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2026/oct/23/marco-rubio-cuba-trump. Statement made Oct 23, 2026 (Florida campaign rally); published Oct 23, 2026, 8:30 PM ET. Retrieved: 2026-10-24.
  28. [37] (statement) The Guardian, “Rubio tells Cubans ‘now is the time’ to act to see political change”, https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2026/oct/23/marco-rubio-cuba-trump. Statement made Oct 23, 2026 (post on X); published Oct 23, 2026, 8:30 PM ET. Retrieved: 2026-10-24. The Guardian notes Rubio wrote “discrete” [sic].
  29. [38] (statement) US Department of State, Office of the Spokesperson, “United States Welcomes Paraguay as Newest Pax Silica Signatory”, https://www.state.gov/releases/office-of-the-spokesman/2026/10/united-states-welcomes-paraguay-as-newest-pax-silica-signatory. Statement made Oct 23, 2026; published Oct 23, 2026. Retrieved: 2026-10-24.
  30. [39] (statement) Al Jazeera, “Rubio calls on Cubans to partner with CIA to create ‘positive change'”, https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2026/10/24/rubio-calls-on-cubans-to-partner-with-cia-to-create-positive-change. Statement made Oct 23, 2026 (Carlos Fernández de Cossío on X); published Oct 24, 2026. Retrieved: 2026-10-24.
  31. [40] (statement) Noticias RCN, “Ofrecen 50 millones por responsables de atentado en peaje San Pedro de Casanare”, https://www.noticiasrcn.com/colombia/ofrecen-50-millones-por-responsables-de-atentado-en-peaje-san-pedro-de-casanare-1074688. Statement made Oct 23, 2026; published Oct 23, 2026, 2:25 PM ET. Retrieved: 2026-10-24. Our translation from Spanish.
  32. [41] (statement) Oficina del Presidente de la República Argentina, “Comunicado Oficial Número 171”, https://www.argentina.gob.ar/noticias/comunicado-oficial-numero-171. Statement made Oct 23, 2026; published Oct 23, 2026, 7:53 PM ET. Retrieved: 2026-10-24. Our translation from Spanish.
  33. [42] (statement) BBC News, “El Salvador’s Bukele launches operation to rescue air force crew held in Haiti”, https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cq33xpjekve4o. Statement made Oct 21-22, 2026 (Bukele on X); published Oct 22, 2026, 6:17 AM ET. Retrieved: 2026-10-24.
  34. [43] Fox News (Spanish edition), “Rubio urges Cubans to work with the CIA to bring political change to the communist-run island”, https://noticias.foxnews.com/world/rubio-urges-cubans-work-cia-bring-political-change-communist-run-island. Published: Oct 23, 2026, 7:43 PM ET. Retrieved: 2026-10-24.
  35. [44] Peter’s World, “Source notes, Oct 24 Americas run”, https://petersworld.org/war-room/. Published: Oct 24, 2026. Retrieved: 2026-10-24. war.gov and State Department feeds checked first, then official Venezuelan and Argentine government sites, Cuba grid reports via an outage tracker and regional outlets. AP returned 403 on its Cuba, Brazil debate and Argentina pages; southcom.mil returned 403; teleSUR and The Washington Post did not respond.
  36. [45] Peter’s World, “Seven Lenses of Geopolitical Power”, https://petersworld.org/seven-lenses-of-geopolitical-power/. Published: 2026. Retrieved: 2026-10-24.

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